Prevention and Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage at the Community Level: A Guide

Publish Date: July 2005
Author: MCHIP

This document examines evidence related to the prevention and treatment of PPH, or one or more of its components, at the community level and when a skilled or non-skilled birth attendant is assisting the birth. The purpose of the document is to guide policy makers, health practitioners, donors, community leaders, and program managers who are developing community-based interventions to address …

Community-Based Tuberculosis Prevention and Care

This international handbook for nongovernmental organizations and civil society organizations (CSOs) is designed to serve as a primer for those considering joining the fight against tuberculosis (TB). It provides information on TB and how it is prevented, diagnosed and treated; how TB programs work on the ground; how communities and CSOs can get involved; and special populations that need extra attention. Included are …

Feasibility Study of the Implementation of Integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) in Bondo: Leveraging Existing Systems

The integrated community case management (iCCM) feasibility study in Bondo, Kenya, was designed to test whether Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) can deliver an iCCM package building on the existing community health strategy platform, thereby increasing coverage and quality of services at community and facility levels, and thus reducing child morbidity and mortality.

Case Studies of Large-Scale Community Health Worker Programs

Publish Date: November 2014
Author: Meike Scheiff

Case studies from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Nepal, Pakistan, Rwanda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

Developing and Strengthening Community Health Worker Programs at Scale

Publish Date: November 2014
Author: Katharine Shelley

This reference guide focuses on large-scale, mostly public sector, CHW programs and how they might become as effective as possible. We provide many concrete examples of how large-scale programs have organized themselves, but more importantly, we raise issues that need to be faced by any large-scale program. With this in mind, the CHW Reference Guide is intended to be used …

Prospects for Effective and Scalable Community – Based Approaches to Improve Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health

Publish Date: June 2014
Author: MCHIP

A team convened by MCHIP reviewed the evidence related to how effective community-based delivery approaches (including community engagement and empowerment) have been in improving reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health, MCHIP’s experience in supporting such approaches, and how such approaches might be scaled up for long-term, sustainable impact.

An Integrated Analysis of Current Research on Community Health Worker Training

Publish Date: May 2014
Author: One Million Community Health Workers Campaign, mPowering Frontline Health Workers

Report highlighting recommendations for best practices in improving community health worker training practices.

Review of Integrated Community Case Management Training and Supervision Materials in Ten African Countries

Publish Date: November 2013
Author: MCHIP

This report reviews integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) training materials and guidelines from 10 African countries for the management of the sick child by Community Health Workers at the community level, and compares them to the guidelines and processes in the UNICEF/WHO package Caring for the Sick Child in the Community (referred to as the “standard”). The degree of consistency/inconsistency …

Developing and Strengthening Community Health Worker Programs at Scale: A Reference Guide for Program Managers and Policy Makers

Publish Date: May 2014
Author: MCHIP

This document is an in-depth review of issues and questions that should be considered when addressing key issues relevant for large-scale CHW programs. Rather than being an instructional manual, the Reference Guide is meant to provide a framework for those in leadership positions in-country as they consider how to develop, expand and strengthen their CHW program. It was developed in …

Community health workers in low-, middle-, and high-income countries: an overview of their history, recent evolution, and current effectiveness

Publish Date: March 2014
Author: Henry B. Perry, Rose Zulliger, Michael M. Rogers

This Annual Review of Public Health journal article highlights the key role played by community health workers (CHWs) in extending and improving health care for more than 50 years. The authors express their appreciation to the MDG Health Alliance and to the USAID-supported Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP) for their financial support, which made this work possible. To …

What Did USAID’s Child Survival and Health Grants Program Learn about Community Case Management and How Can It Learn More?

Publish Date: June 2012
Author: MCHIP

This study of 22 Child Survival and Health Grants Program (CSHGP) projects since 2000 was conducted in four parts: a desk review of community case management (CCM) projects; a review of project monitoring indicators; benchmark mapping; and case studies. CSHGP projects since 2000 were selected for the review based on the extent to which they implemented CCM interventions for febrile …

Indicator Guide: Monitoring and Evaluating Integrated Community Case Management

Publish Date: July 2013
Author: MCHIP

This guide aims to encourage integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) programs to more effectively monitor and evaluate iCCM implementation and results across all of the iCCM benchmark components. Aimed at program managers, M&E officers, researchers, and organizations supporting/implementing iCCM, specific objectives of this guide are to: Compile iCCM indicators useful across program components and phases; Encourage the consistent use of …

Integrated Community Case Management: Findings from Senegal, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Malawi

Publish Date: September 2013
Author: MCHIP

To generate key lessons, Senegal, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Malawi have conducted assessments of their programs related to community case management (CCM) of childhood illness programs. The CCM programs in all three countries included the treatment of three major childhood illnesses by community health workers: diarrheal disease, malaria and pneumonia. For this report, each country’s CCM assessment was …

Malaria Communities Program: Achieving, Tracking, and Maintaining High ITN Coverage – Community Strategies

Publish Date: November 2013
Author: MCHIP, PMI

The Malaria Communities Program (MCP) was launched on December 14, 2006. Through 20 awards to 18 partners in 12 countries, the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) has supported efforts of communities and nongovernmental organizations to combat malaria at the local level. This case study presents results from MCP projects working to increase ITN coverage and examines in detail the work of …

Malaria Communities Program: Building Community Capacity in Malaria Control

Publish Date: November 2013
Author: MCHIP

The Malaria Communities Program (MCP) was launched on December 14, 2006. Through 20 awards to 18 partners in 12 countries, the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) has supported efforts of communities and nongovernmental organizations to combat malaria at the local level. This document highlights the first of four case studies highlighting program results, and describes how MCP grantees built community capacity …

The Integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) of Childhood Illness Task Force: Fact Sheet

Publish Date: October 2013
Author: MCHIP

Fact sheet on the iCCM Task Force, an association of multilateral and bilateral agencies and non-governmental organizations, working to promote integrated community level management of childhood illness. (MCHIP provides secretariat support to the Task Force.)

Review Suggests Community-based Programs for PPH Prevention at Home Birth Can Achieve High Distribution and Use of Misoprostol

Publish Date: March 2013
Author: MCHIP

This two-page brief summarizes the findings of an article published in the journal BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. “Misoprostol for postpartum hemorrhage prevention at home birth: an integrative review of global implementation experience to date” describes an integrative review of published research studies and evaluation reports from 18 programs that distributed misoprostol at the community level for prevention of PPH at home …

Community-based intervention packages facilitated by NGOs demonstrate plausible evidence of child mortality impact

Publish Date: February 2013
Author: Jim Ricca, Nazo Kureshy, Karen LeBan, Debra Prosnitz, Leo Ryan

Co-authored by MCHIP staff, this article was published in Health Policy and Planning and presents the results of an analysis of 12 community-based projects implemented by nongovernmental organizations worldwide. The projects are funded through USAID’s Child Survival and Health Grants Program to which MCHIP gives technical support. All 12 projects substantially increased coverage of multiple high-impact interventions. LiST analyses showed …

Community-Based Tuberculosis Prevention and Care: Why and How to Get Involved

Publish Date: January 2013
Author: MCHIP/CORE Group

This document is designed to serve as a handbook, or primer, for nongovernmental and civil society organizations that are considering joining the fight against TB. It provides information on: TB and how it is prevented, diagnosed, and treated; How TB programs work on the ground; How communities and CSOs can get involved; and Special populations that need extra attention. It …

Integrated Community Case Management of Childhood Illness: Documentation of Best Practices and Bottlenecks to Program Implementation in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Publish Date: January 2012
Author: MCHIP

With five years of experience (2005–2010) in a very challenging context, the DRC strategy offers a number of lessons to other countries that are interested in either implementing iCCM for the first time or expanding their current programs. By identifying the successes and best practices of the DRC approach, by describing its weaknesses in order to correct and prevent them, …

Integrated Community Case Management of Childhood Illness: Documentation of Best Practices and Bottlenecks to Program Implementation in Senegal (Summary Report)

Publish Date: January 2012
Author: MCHIP

By identifying the successes and best practices of the Senegal program, by recognizing its weaknesses in order to correct and prevent them, and by having a clear vision of the future of the program, this summary report on the Senegal iCCM experience (Integrated Community Case Management of Childhood Illness: Documentation of Best Practices and Bottlenecks to Program Implementation) has a …

Behavior Change Communication & Community Mobilization Within the Healthy Fertility Study

Publish Date: October 2012
Author: MCHIP

The Healthy Fertility Study (HFS) in Bangladesh integrates postpartum family planning (FP) within a community-based maternal and newborn health (MNH) program, which has demonstrated results in reducing newborn mortality. This brief highlights the key components of the HFS Behavior Change Communication and Community Mobilization Strategy, which is a core component of the HFS approach. The strategy aims to promote recommended MNH …

Community and Health Worker Perceptions and Preferences Regarding Integration of Other Health Services With Routine Vaccinations: Four Case Studies

Publish Date: March 2012
Author: Tove K. Ryman, Aaron Wallace, Richard Mihigo, Patricia Richards, Karen Schlanger, Kelli Cappelier, Serigne Ndiaye, Ndoutabe Modjirom, Baba Tounkara, Gavin Grant, Blanche Anya, Emmanuel C. Kiawi, Cliff Ochieng, Sekou Kone, Habtamu Tesfaye, Nathan Trayner, Margaret Watkins, and Elizabeth T. Luman.

Case studies on integration of routine vaccination and other maternal and child health services from four African countries—Kenya, Mali, Ethiopia and Cameroon—published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases. Highlights related knowledge gaps among community members and health workers. To read the abstract and download the article, click here.

Integrated Community Case Management of Childhood Illness: Documentation of Best Practices and Bottlenecks to Program Implementation in Senegal

Publish Date: January 2012
Author: MCHIP

By identifying the successes and best practices of the Senegal program, by recognizing its weaknesses to correct and prevent them, and by having a clear vision of the future of the program, this report has a two-fold aim: 1) to serve as a global learning tool that helps other countries that are looking for ideas to accelerate and expand their …

USAID/Malawi Community Case Management Evaluation

Publish Date: May 2011
Author: USAID

This assessment was designed to generate information concerning critical lessons learned, as well as promising implementation practices, to inform decision making on community case management (CCM) implementation in Malawi, and to help other countries that are implementing similar programs and seeking information from the experiences of others to accelerate CCM efforts.

Humanitarian Pandemic Preparedness/Community Planning and Response Curriculum

Partners in the Humanitarian Pandemic Preparedness (H2P) Initiative were able to use developed training curricula for community planning and response in order to minimize morbidity and mortality. The curriculum has separate tracks for district/community leaders and for first responders (community volunteers and workers) at the community level. In addition, comprehensive emergency preparedness and response planning guidance and templates developed for …

The Household and Community Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (HH/C-IMCI) Framework: A FacilitatorÕs Guide for Conducting Country Meetings on HH/C-IMCI

Publish Date: March 2003
Author: CORE Group

The purpose of this guide is to assist NGOs, ministries of health, and bilateral and multi-lateral organizations in implementing a two-and-a-half-day workshop on household and community IMCI (HH/C-IMCI).

The Household and Community Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (HH/C-IMCI) Framework: A Facilitator’s Guide for Conducting Country Meetings on HH/C-IMCI

Publish Date: March 2003
Author: CORE Group

The purpose of this guide is to assist NGOs, ministries of health, and bilateral and multi-lateral organizations in implementing a two-and-a-half-day workshop on household and community IMCI (HH/C-IMCI).  

The Expansion of Community-Based Tuberculosis Programming: Critical Program Design Issues for New Partners

Publish Date: January 2008
Author: CORE Group

This document outlines nine project-design challenges most likely to face those working at the community level. It should be used as a primer for gaining a better understanding of the challenges community-based tuberculosis programs and providers face, as well as some of the ways nongovernmental organizations are currently addressing these challenges.

C-IMCI Program Guidance: Community-based Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses

Publish Date: January 2009
Author: CORE Group

An overview of the community-based integrated management of childhood illnesses (C-IMCI) framework consists of three elements and a multi-sectoral platform that focus on specific behaviors and practices of health workers and caregivers of young children. Included in this document: the history of C-IMCI’s development, its elements, benefits and rational for use.

Community Case Management Essentials: A Guide for Program Managers

Publish Date: January 2010
Author: CORE Group, Save the Children, BASICS, MCHIP

Known as community case management (CCM) of sick children, this approach utilizes trained and supervised community members linked to facility-based services to deliver life-saving interventions for sick children, in partnership with their families. Health program managers are introduced to the basics and readers are guided through the process of designing and managing a high-quality CCM program.

Community-Based Family Planning eLearning Module

Publish Date: November 2009
Author: USAID, K4Health

This Internet-based curriculum is adapted from the Basics of Community-Based Family Planning Training Curriculum. The eLearning module is used by program managers and USAID mission staff who are implementing and backstopping community-based family planning programs across the globe. This two-hour course provides participants with essential information such as community-based approaches that extend family planning services, components of community-based family planning …

Basics of Community-Based Family Planning Training Curriculum

This curriculum is designed for middle to senior level managers working in family planning (FP) or interested in integrating community-based family planning programming into their current project(s). This curriculum explains the key elements of a quality community-based family planning program and technical and programmatic concepts of FP service delivery. The facilitator’s guide, participant’s guide, and related presentations can be found in English …

The Care Group Difference: A Guide to Mobilizing Community-Based Volunteer Health Educators

Publish Date: January 2010
Author: World Relief, CORE Group

This guide explores the evidence base for the Care Group model, offers criteria to assist project managers in determining the feasibility of using this approach within their own programs, and provides a step-by-step guide for starting and sustaining care groups.

Taking the Long View: A Practical Guide to Sustainability Planning and Measurement in Community-Oriented Health Programming

Publish Date: January 2008
Author: ICF International

Manual and Annexes to assist project managers, planners and evaluators in their efforts to improve their approach to planning for and assessing sustainability in health projects implemented in developing countries. The manual represents the collective learning of more than 30 projects that have applied and helped refine its contents over a seven-year period, many of them Child Survival Health Grants …

Community Health Worker Scale Up Workshop Report

Publish Date: December 2010
Author: MCHIP

Summary of proceedings from a technical advisory group meeting to discuss community health worker (CHW) performance at scale. Participants from 13 organizations attended the meeting to discuss the design and management of CHW programs at the community, district, and national levels in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The meeting focused on considering effective community health work and the larger system in which CHWs function.

Postpartum Family Planning for Community Health Workers (Learning Resource Package)

Publish Date: March 2010
Author: The ACCESS Program

Trainer and participant manuals.

Community Case Management Essentials – Treating Common Childhood Illness in the Community: A guide for program managers

Publish Date: 2012
Author: MCHIP, CORE Group, BASICS, Save the Children

This Guide provides an overview of and evidence for community case management (CCM), and introduces a results framework as an organizing principle to guide decision-making for planning and managing CCM. The Guide also describes how to conduct a situation analysis and accomplish each of the four intermediate results of the results framework. Download the guide here.

Building on the Current Evidence to Strengthen Community-Based Service Delivery Strategies for Promoting Child Survival

This document highlights four community-based delivery strategies that are common in most reports that have demonstrated improvements in child health in high-mortality, low-resource settings. These findings should be of interest to district-level managers, Ministry of Health offi cials, national-level policy makers, and donors.

Comparing Estimates of Child Mortality Reduction Modeled in LiST with Pregnancy History Survey Data for a Community-based NGO Project in Mozambique

Using results of a recent review of evidence for community-based child health programming, a search was conducted for NGO child health projects implementing community-based interventions that had independently verified child mortality reduction estimates, as well as population coverage data for modelling in LiST.

Community-Based Distribution for Routine Iron/Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnancy

Anemia during pregnancy is detrimental to both mothers and fetuses, increasing maternal and perinatal mortality. This MCHIP brief outlines the evidence that routine supplementation with iron and folic acid (IFA) in pregnancy is effective in preventing the condition. Moreover, studies from several countries show that community-based distribution is an important part of increasing coverage and compliance for IFA supplementation.

Considerations for Incorporating Health Equity into Project Designs: A Guide for Community-Oriented Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health Projects

This guide was developed to give those who design and implement community-oriented health programs a systematic way of ensuring that equity is incorporated into program designs and that its improvement can be better demonstrated and explained. It focuses on equitable health outcomes.

Bondo iCCM Study: Key Findings and Recommendations

Publish Date: October 2016
Author: MCHIP, MCSP

In 2013, in collaboration with the Kenya Ministry of Health (MOH), MCHIP initiated an implementation research study to inform the MOH and its partners about the feasibility of, factors for success in, and challenges of implementing integrated community case management (iCCM). The study was completed by MCHIP’s successor, the Maternal and Child Survival Program. This brief summarizes key study findings, …

Operations Research for Accelerating Results toward Ending Preventable Child and Maternal Deaths

Publish Date: October 2013
Author: MCHIP

Brief highlighting work testing 30 innovative community and health system solutions in underserved, vulnerable populations across 23 countries. Attachment Size OR-Innovation-Brief.pdf 601.92 KB

Kenya: A Case Study on How Centrally Funded CSHGP Grants Contribute to National Programming and Mission Priorities

This case study aims to highlight seven Child Survival and Health Grants Program nongovernmental (NGO) partners in Kenya implementing projects from 1999-2010. It depicts how the effective collaboration between USAID, international NGOs, and the Kenyan Ministry of Health influenced and supported the development, implementation, and refinement of Kenya’s community health strategy. Attachment Size Kenya-CSHGP-case-study.pdf 1.02 MB

Increasing Access to Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Interventions for Births in Health Facilities and at Home in Four Districts of Rwanda

This article, published in the African Journal of Reproductive Health, examines a study conducted in 60 health facilities and their catchment areas in four districts in Rwanda to assess coverage, acceptability, and feasibility of a program to prevent postpartum hemorrhage at community and facility levels.

The Effect of Integrating Family Planning with a Maternal and Newborn Health Program on Postpartum Contraceptive Use and Optimal Birth Spacing in Rural Bangladesh

The journal Studies in Family Planning published an article highlighting work funded under MCHIP. “The Effect of Integrating Family Planning with a Maternal and Newborn Health Program on Postpartum Contraceptive Use and Optimal Birth Spacing in Rural Bangladesh” examines how integrating family planning with a community-based maternal and newborn health program might improve postpartum contraceptive use and reduce short birth …

Development and Validation of an Index to Measure the Quality of Facility-Based Labor and Delivery Care Processes in Sub-Saharan Africa

Publish Date: June 2015
Author: Vandana Tripathi, Cynthia Stanton, Donna Strobino, Linda Bartlett

Improving quality of care is essential to achieve the new global targets for ending preventable maternal and newborn deaths. The global community has recognized the need for better measures of the quality of maternal and newborn health services. In particular, little information is available about the content of care provided to women and newborns. Many measures focus on service availability …

Integrating Maternal, Infant, and Young Child Nutrition and Family Planning Services in Bondo Sub-County, Kenya

Publish Date: May 2015
Author: Angella Ogutu

MCHIP and the Kenyan Ministry of Health initiated a demonstration program integrating maternal, infant, and young child nutrition (MIYCN) and family planning (FP) services in six health facilities and adjacent community units in Bondo Sub-County, Siaya County, Western Kenya. The main objective of the initiative was to enhance and strengthen the linkages between nutrition and FP interventions in order to …

Respectful Maternity Care: A Field Aspiration

Publish Date: March 2015
Author: MCHIP, MCSP

MCHIP conducted a survey in 2012 with the objective of collecting information from key stakeholders about their experiences implementing interventions to promote respectful maternity care (RMC). A convenience sample of 48 individuals from 19 countries responded to the survey about disrespectful care and abuse in maternity care, approaches for prevention, and ways to promote RMC. The survey report summarizes the …

Engaging Communities With a Simple Tool to Help Increase Immunization Coverage

Publish Date: March 2015
Author: Manish Jain, Gunjan Taneja, Ruhul Amin, Robert Steinglass, Michael Favine

The journal Global Health: Science and Practice has published an MCHIP-authored article on “Engaging Communities With a Simple Tool to Help Increase Immunization Coverage.” The article describes an approach that aims to raise awareness and boost demand. The “My Village Is My Home” tool is a poster-sized material used by volunteers and health workers to record the births and vaccination …

Uterotonic use immediately following birth: using a novel methodology to estimate population coverage in four countries

Publish Date: January 2015
Author: Jim Ricca, Vikas Dwivedi, John Varallo, Gajendra Singh, Suranjeen Prasad Pallipamula, Nazir Amade, Maria de Luz Vaz, Dustan Bishanga, Marya Plotkin, Bushra Al-Makaleh, Stephanie Suhowatsky, Jeffrey Michael Smith

While incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) can be dramatically reduced by uterotonic use immediately following birth (UUIFB) in both community and facility settings, national coverage estimates are rare. To fill this information gap, a methodology for estimating national coverage for UUIFB was developed and piloted in four settings: Mozambique, Tanzania, the state of Jharkhand in India, and Yemen. This MCHIP …

MCHIP Technical Summary: Integration of Service Delivery

Publish Date: November 2014
Author: MCHIP

MCHIP and Child Survival and Health Grants Program (CSHGP) grantees have implemented and tested integration models for replication and scale-up in a range of countries. They have promoted service delivery integration at the community level using community health workers and volunteers; integration of family planning with other MNCH services, including immunization; integration of maternal, infant, and young child nutrition (MIYCN) …

Findings from the use of a narrative story and leaflet to influence shifts along the behavior change continuum toward postpartum contraceptive uptake in Sylhet District, Bangladesh

Publish Date: September 2014
Author: Chelsea Cooper, Salahuddin Ahmed, Peter Winch, Anne Pfitzer, Catharine McKaig, Abdullah Baqui

The journal Patient Education and Counseling published the MCHIP co-authored article, “Findings from the use of a narrative story and leaflet to influence shifts along the behavior change continuum toward postpartum contraceptive uptake in Sylhet District, Bangladesh.” The article describes a study in Sylhet District, Bangladesh, that explored knowledge and perceptions about postpartum return to fecundity and used the Steps to …

Advance Distribution of Misoprostol for Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage in South Sudan

Publish Date: November 2014
Author: Jeffrey Smith, Alexander Dimiti, Vikas Dwivedi, Isabella Ochieng, Maryrose Dalaka, Sheena Currie, Edward Eremugo Luka, John Rumunu, Solomon Orero, Jaime Mungia, and Catharine McKaig

This MCHIP co-authored article in the International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics describes the results of a study to evaluate whether a facility- and community-focused postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) prevention program in one county in South Sudan achieved high uterotonic coverage of all births. Under this program, PPH prevention and management were strengthened at health facilities, and advance distribution of misoprostol …

Feasibility and validity of telephone triage for adverse events during a voluntary medical male circumcision campaign in Swaziland

Publish Date: September 2014
Author: Tigistu Adamu Ashengo, JonathanGrund, Masitsela Mhlanga, Thabo Hlophe, Munamato Mirira, Naomi Bock, Emmanuel Njeuhmeli, Kelly Curran, Elizabeth Mallas, Laura Fitzgerald, Rhoy Shoshore, Khumbulani Moyo and George Bicego

BMC Public Health published an MCHIP co-authored article entitled “Feasibility and validity of telephone triage for adverse events during a voluntary medical male circumcision campaign in Swaziland.” The article describes a retrospective study that analyzed a dataset of telephone calls logged by the voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) hotline during a VMMC campaign. The objectives were to determine reasons clients …

Report on the Feasibility of Measuring the iCCM Task Force Indicators through Existing Monitoring Systems in DRC, Niger, Madagascar, Senegal, South Sudan and Zambia

Publish Date: December 2013
Author: MCHIP

The Integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) Task Force (TF) proposed a list of 48 indicators to guide governments and partners in monitoring and evaluating national iCCM programs. The iCCM TF undertook a review process to determine the number of indicators being reported by country programs, and opportunities and challenges related to measuring indicators not being reported. This report supports the …

MCHIP Technical Summary: Quality of Care

Publish Date: June 2014
Author: MCHIP

This paper highlights five key quality measurement and improvement approaches and tools developed and/or used in MCHIP’s work: Standards-Based Management and Recognition (SBM-R) for quality improvement (QI) of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) services Quality of care health facility assessments for measurement of the quality of facility-based maternal and newborn health (MNH) services Regular Appraisal of Program Implementation …

My Village, My Home: A Tool to Optimize Immunization Coverage

Publish Date: June 2014
Author: MCHIP

This community-level tool is designed to provide the community and local health functionaries a visual depiction of immunization status of all infants born in a village. A related success story, tools and synopsis are also available below. To watch a video on “My Village My Home,” click here.

RMNCH+A Highlight Series – Improving RMNCH+A interventions: Block Monitoring in Lohardaga District, Jharkhand

Publish Date: July 2014
Author: MCHIP

The Government of India identifies the “block’ as the primary unit for implementation and management of life-saving RMNCH+A interventions. The “Guidance Note for Block Monitoring Visits” advises state and district health officers and their development partners to systematically assess the health infrastructure, human resources, and quality and coverage of RMNCH+A information and services, with the goal of identifying and addressing …

Advance distribution of misoprostol for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage at home births in two districts of Liberia

Publish Date: June 2014
Author: Jeffrey Michael Smith, Saye Dahn Baawo, Marion Subah, Varwo Sirtor-Gbassie, Cuallau Jabbeh Howe, Gbenga Ishola, Bentoe Z Tehoungue, Vikas Dwivedi

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth has published the MCHIP co-authored article “Advance distribution of misoprostol for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) at home births in two districts of Liberia” describing the results of a learning phase program on the feasibility, acceptability and program effectiveness of a PPH prevention program for home and facility births in two districts of Liberia. The program …

Malaria Technical Reference Materials: 2014

with substantial updates. The series of guides aim to help program planners and implementers consider the many elements in a particular technical area of the Child Survival and Health Grants Program (CSHGP). They include substantial updates to technical information and M&E indicators. These guides are not an official policy for practice; rather, they are basic every day summaries to be …

Moving malaria in pregnancy programs from neglect to priority: experience from Malawi, Senegal and Zambia

Publish Date: January 2014
Author: Elaine Roman, Michelle Wallon, William Brieger, Aimee Dickerson, Barbara Rawlins, Koki Agarwal

This article, published in the journal Global Health: Science and Practice, describes the results of a systematic case study methodology to assess health system strengths and challenges as they relate to malaria in pregnancy (MIP) in Malawi, Senegal and Zambia. Data were collected between 2009 and 2011 through desk reviews and key informant interviews. The data were subsequently analyzed across …

Postnatal Care Home Visit: A Review of the Current Status of Implementation in Five Countries

Publish Date: January 2014
Author: MCHIP, Save the Children

This report gives an account of the early development of community-based newborn programs in five countries—Bangladesh, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria and Rwanda—in which postnatal home visits have featured prominently.

Newborn care practices at home and in health facilities in four regions of Ethiopia

Publish Date: January 2014
Author: Jennifer A Callaghan-Koru, Abiy Seifu, Maya Tholandi, Joseph de Graft-Johnson, Ephrem Daniel, Barbara Rawlins, Bogale Worku, Abdullah H Baqui

This article, co-authored by MCHIP staff and published in the journal BMC Pediatrics, describes newborn care practices reported by recently delivered women in four regions of Ethiopia based on results of a household survey among women who delivered a live baby in the period one to seven months prior to data collection. Survey results suggest that there are not large differences …

Malaria Communities Program: Strengthening Platforms for Case Management in Communities

Publish Date: November 2013
Author: MCHIP, PMI

The Malaria Communities Program (MCP) was launched on December 14, 2006. Through 20 awards to 18 partners in 12 countries, the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) has supported efforts of communities and nongovernmental organizations to combat malaria at the local level. This paper presents results from MCP projects working to strengthen community-level systems for malaria case management and examines in detail …

Malaria Communities Program: Malaria in Pregnancy – Improving Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy (Second Dose) and Antenatal Care Coverage

Publish Date: November 2013
Author: MCHIP, PMI

The Malaria Communities Program (MCP) was launched on December 14, 2006. Through 20 awards to 18 partners in 12 countries, the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) has supported efforts of communities and nongovernmental organizations to combat malaria at the local level. This document highlights the first of four case studies highlighting program results, and describes how MCP grantees built community capacity …

Namibia Centership Project Case Study Report

Publish Date: September 2013
Author: MCHIP

The Centership model in Namibia was envisioned as an innovative answer to the recognized need for community members to reach their own communities with health promotion, HIV/AIDS awareness, referrals, data collection, and provision of limited services. ICF International evaluated the project over three years, with a focus on documenting the implementation process, challenges, and learning. Key informant interviews, data collection, …

Across the Behavior Change Continuum: Assessment of Return to Fertility Messages and ÒAsmaÕs StoryÓ within the Healthy Fertility Study

Publish Date: September 2013
Author: MCHIP

The Healthy Fertility Study (HFS), conducted in Sylhet Division in the northeastern part of Bangladesh, assesses the impact of integrating family planning (FP) within a community-based maternal and newborn health (MNH) program. Behavior change and community mobilization activities within the study aim to increase postpartum contraceptive uptake, and build community support for FP use during this critical period. As a …

Across the Behavior Change Continuum: Assessment of Return to Fertility Messages and “Asma’s Story” within the Healthy Fertility Study

Publish Date: September 2013
Author: Chelsea Cooper, Salahuddin Ahmed, Nargis Akter, and Dipika Shankar Bhattacharyya

The Healthy Fertility Study (HFS), conducted in Sylhet Division in the northeastern part of Bangladesh, assesses the impact of integrating family planning (FP) within a community-based maternal and newborn health (MNH) program. Behavior change and community mobilization activities within the study aim to increase postpartum contraceptive uptake, and build community support for FP use during this critical period. As a …

Operations research to add postpartum family planning to maternal and neonatal health to improve birth spacing in Sylhet District, Bangladesh

Publish Date: August 2013
Author: Salahuddin Ahmed, Maureen Norton, Emma Williams, Saifuddin Ahmed, Rasheduzzaman Shah, Nazma Begum, Jaime Mungia, Amnesty Lefevre, Ahmed Al-Kabir, Peter J Winch, Catharine McKaig, Abdullah H Baqui

The journal Global Health: Science and Practice has published an article entitled “Operations research to add postpartum family planning to maternal and neonatal health to improve birth spacing in Sylhet District, Bangladesh.” Co-authored by MCHIP staff,  the article describes the intervention package and evaluation design of a study conducted in a rural district of Bangladesh to evaluate the effects of …

Misoprostol for postpartum hemorrhage prevention at home birth: an integrative review of global implementation experience to date

Publish Date: February 2013
Author: Jeffrey Michael Smith, Rehana Gubin, Martine M Holston, Judith Fullerton and Ndola Prata

This article, published in BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth and co-authored by MCHIP staff, examines methods of distribution of misoprostol at the community level for PPH prevention at home births through an integrative review of published research studies and evaluation reports from programs that did such distribution. Reviewed were methods and cadres involved in education of end-users, drug administration, distribution, and …

Reaching every district (RED) approach to strengthen routine immunization services: evaluation in the African region, 2005

Publish Date: March 2010
Author: T. Ryman, R. Macauley, D. Nshimirimana, P. Taylor, L. Shimp, K. Wilkins

This evaluation was conducted to improve understanding of the Reaching Every District (RED) implementation process, which aims to improve immunization systems in areas with low coverage by: reaching the target population; supportive supervision; on-site training; community links with service delivery; monitoring and use of data for action; better planning; and management of human and financial resources.

Special CCM Supplement in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Publish Date: November 2012

Containing 20 studies that address 16 research questions, experiences in 11 countries, and key global issues in CCM, the Supplement includes a wide variety of CCM related topics such as scaling up CCM, use and retention of community health workers, and supply chain and logistics. Click here to download the Supplement for free. This supplement was made possible by the generous support …

Imunizasaun Proteje Labarik: Baseline Assessment Report

Publish Date: May 16, 2012
Author: Imunizasaun Proteje Labarik project

The Millennium Challenge Corporation’s Threshold Project on Immunization (MCC-TPI), Imunizasaun Proteje Labarik (IPL), supports the MOH in Timor-Leste to improve immunization coverage through the government health system. The project is administered by John Snow Inc. via USAID’s MCHIP project. Funded through a USAID Threshold Grant from the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the Imunizasaun Proteje Labarik (IPL) project (2011-2013) is assisting the …

Investigacion culaitativa de los comportamientos comunitarios en relacion a la Salud Materna y Neonatal

Publish Date: September 2011
Author: MCHIP

Fact Sheet summarizing an assessment of community knowledge and practices in maternal and newborn health from MCHIP/Paraguay.

Triptico Plan de Parto (“Birth Preparedness Plan”)

Publish Date: August 2012
Author: MCHIP

This birth preparedness plan is an abbreviated form of the Libreta de la Mujer Embarazada y del Recien Nacido, which guides expectant mothers through their birth preparedness plan, and also includes danger signs to guide their decision making in seeking health care on time and avoiding emergencies. From MCHIP’s community interventions work in Paraguay.

Cuando el Amor es Saludable: Consejos pr‡cticos para cuidar la salud de la familiar (brochure)

Publish Date: August 2012
Author: MCHIP

A brochure (the “MCHIP folleto”) with health messaging on maternal and newborn health. From MCHIP’s community interventions work in Paraguay.

Cuando el Amor es Saludable: Consejos pr‡cticos para cuidar la salud de la familiar (briefer)

Publish Date: August 2012
Author: MCHIP

One page handout (the “MCHIP Afiche”) with health messaging on maternal and newborn health. From MCHIP’s community interventions work in Paraguay.

Libreta de la Mujer Embarazada y del Recien Nacido (“Pregnant Women’s Card”)

Publish Date: August 2012
Author: MCHIP

This “pregnant women’s card” is for use by health care providers to help convey key health messages to expectant mothers in relation to pregnancy, birth and newborn care. It also includes danger signs to guide decision making in seeking health care on time and avoiding emergencies. From MCHIP’s community interventions work in Paraguay.

Cuando el Amor es Saludable: Consejos prácticos para cuidar la salud de la familiar (briefer)

Publish Date: August 2012
Author: MCHIP

One page handout (the “MCHIP Afiche”) with health messaging on maternal and newborn health. From MCHIP’s community interventions work in Paraguay.

Cuando el Amor es Saludable: Consejos prácticos para cuidar la salud de la familiar (brochure)

Publish Date: August 2012
Author: MCHIP

A brochure (the “MCHIP folleto”) with health messaging on maternal and newborn health. From MCHIP’s community interventions work in Paraguay.

Maternal Anemia Control: What Health Policymakers Can Do

Publish Date: June 2010
Author: MCHIP, A2Z

To catalyze and invigorate global awareness and action toward reducing maternal anemia, this brief identifies feasible, scalable, and evidence-based maternal anemia control interventions, and the policy actions that will facilitate their quality implementation. With an eye toward policymakers, donor and international organizations, national governments and NGOs, this brief emphasizes the need for the integration of not only iron folic acid …

Flexible Fund Family Planning Survey

This population-based survey serves as the baseline decision-making tool for PVO/NGO projects working in community-based family planning and includes a wide variety of indicators family-planning-related indicators. The indicators have been harmonized with the DHS and reflect international standards, and are built off the KPC model. The tool includes interviewer instructions, a women’s and men’s questionnaire, and tabulation plans. The survey …

Partnership-Defined Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Toolkit

Publish Date: February 2010
Author: CORE Group, Save the Children

This handy toolkit is meant to assist PDQ practitioners with tools such as sample exit interviews and checklists to complement Save the Children’s PDQ Manual and PDQ Facilitator’s Guide. The toolkit also includes a Youth Annex for youth-focused PDQ projects to complement the PDQ for the Youth Manual. One unique element of the document is that tested indicators for community …

The Rapid Health Facility Assessment (R-HFA)

The R-HFA was originally designed for use by nongovernmental organizations within the Child Survival and Health Grants Program, but as the Malaria Booster Initiative experience has shown, it is also suitable for use by District Health Management Teams. It is a relatively rapid instrument for measuring a small set of key indicators to give a “balanced scorecard” for maternal, newborn …

Positive Deviance/Hearth Materials: A Resource Guide for Sustainably Rehabilitating Malnourished Children

Publish Date: March 2003
Author: CORE Group

A Positive Deviance/Hearth Nutrition Program (PD/Hearth) is a home- and neighborhood-based nutrition program for children who are at risk for protein-energy malnutrition in developing countries. The program uses the “positive deviance” approach to identify those behaviors practiced by the mothers or caretakers of well-nourished children from low-resource families and to transfer such positive practices to others in the community with …

Nutrition Program Design Assistant: A Tool For Program Planners

Publish Date: April 2010
Author: CORE Group

This tool includes a workbook and reference guide and is designed to help program planning teams—including those designing Child Survival and Health Grants Program or Title II food security program proposals—in the design of the nutrition component of their programs. The design assistant provides guidance on how to compare and contrast approaches and select the most appropriate combination of community-based nutrition …

Barrier Analysis Facilitator’s Guide

Publish Date: December 2004
Author: Food for the Hungry, CORE Group

Tool for improving behavior change communication in child survival and community development programs. This Facilitator’s Guide has been written for trainers to teach others about Barrier Analysis and/or to learn the technique themselves. It guides trainers through a step-by-step process for conducting the analysis and provides background information on the technique as well as some basic information on behavior change …

Reaching Communities for Child Health: Advancing Health Outcomes through Multi-Sectoral Approaches

Publish Date: December 2004
Author: CORE Group, Christopher Bessenecker, MPH, Lynette Walker, MPH

The purpose of this paper is to explore how multi-sectoral approaches are used within community-based child health and development programs and the evidence-base to support that use. The paper seeks to answer three questions: 1) how do NGOs define a multi-sectoral platform; 2) how do NGOs implement a multi-sectoral platform to achieve better or more sustainable health outcomes; and 3) …

Scale and Scaling Up: A CORE Group Background Paper on Scaling Up Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Services

Publish Date: July 2005
Author: CORE Group

This paper briefly summarizes definitions, approaches and challenges to achieving “scale” in community-focused health programs, as discussed at the 2005 CORE spring meeting and the USAID CSHGP mini-university. This paper is meant to harmonize a vocabulary for use by NGOs and their partners as they further discuss, debate and analyze how NGOs and their partners can reach more people with …

Barrier Analysis Facilitator’s Guide

Publish Date: December 2004
Author: Food for the Hungry

Tool for improving behavior change communication in child survival and community development programs. This Facilitator’s Guide has been written for trainers to teach others about Barrier Analysis and/or to learn the technique themselves. It guides trainers through a step-by-step process for conducting the analysis and provides background information on the technique as well as some basic information on behavior change …

Achieving Impact, Building Local Capacity, Enhancing Global Networks: The Experience of the Child Survival and Health Grants ProgramÕs New Partner Initiative

Publish Date: May 2011
Author: MCHIP

The Child Survival and Health Grants Program has supported 17 New Partner projects in 11 countries. This brief describes what New Partners have achieved in terms of impact, increased capacity of local institutions, and global leadership in community-based health.

Achieving Impact, Building Local Capacity, Enhancing Global Networks: The Experience of the Child Survival and Health Grants Program’s New Partner Initiative

Publish Date: May 2011
Author: MCHIP

The Child Survival and Health Grants Program has supported 17 New Partner projects in 11 countries. This brief describes what New Partners have achieved in terms of impact, increased capacity of local institutions, and global leadership in community-based health.

Final Reports for Child Survival Health Grants Program Projects

List of all PVOs/NGOs and countries that have had a Child Survival Health Grants Program grant can be found here.

A Malaria in Pregnancy Country Case Study: Malawi’s Successes and Remaining Challenges for Malaria in Pregnancy Programming

Publish Date: September 2011
Author: MCHIP, Michelle Wallon, Smisha Agarwal, Elaine Roman, Aimee Dickerso

MCHIP conducted program reviews of malaria in pregnancy (MIP) programming and community case management (CCM) programming, which resulted in comprehensive country case studies. The purpose of each case study was to gain a better understanding of MIP and CCM programming efforts, specifically: • Best practices/strategies that have supported MIP or CCM programming success; • Existing bottlenecks in MIP or CCM program implementation and how …

Child Survival and Health Grants Program Health Systems Strengthening Technical Reference Materials

Publish Date: January 2010
Author: MCHIP

This Technical Reference Materials (TRM) document is intended to serve as a basic introduction to Health System Strengthening (HSS) issues relevant to community-based child survival (CS) and health programs, and to facilitate access to key resources in each of the areas defined as Health System (HS) building blocks. In-depth technical, as well as contextual information is needed to apply many …

ACCESS End of Project Report

Publish Date: March 2010
Author: The ACCESS Program

The Access to Clinical and Community Maternal, Neonatal and Women’s Health Services (ACCESS) Program — a five-year, $75 million Leader with Associates Award — aimed to improve the health and survival of mothers and their newborns through expansion of coverage, access and use of maternal and newborn health services, and through improving household health behaviors and practices. This report presents …

Addis 2011 Speaker Presentations

Publish Date: May 2011

The 2011 Africa Regional Meeting on Interventions for Impact in Essential Obstetric and Newborn care, organized by USAID’s flagship Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP), was five days where educational sessions were held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It brought together policy leaders, experienced clinicians and program managers to support accelerated implementation and expansion of maternal and newborn health …

Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage at Home Births

Publish Date: July 2005
Author: MCHIP

This technical brief examines a community-focused approach using birth preparedness and misoprostol to prevent PPH in home births.